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srcset=""></div><!--[--><!--[--><!--[--><h1 class="tagline" data-v-3916b2f0><span class="accent" data-v-3916b2f0>Bin</span><br data-v-3916b2f0>QQ - 1974892005 </h1><!--]--><!--]--><!--]--></div></div><div class="content" data-v-4fe9b7bd><!--[--><!--]--><main data-v-4fe9b7bd><div style="position:relative;" class="vt-doc mongodb" data-v-4fe9b7bd><div><h1 id="mongodb" tabindex="-1">MongoDB <a class="header-anchor" href="#mongodb" aria-hidden="true">#</a></h1><p><a href="https://github.com/Vacricticy/mongodb_practice" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://github.com/Vacricticy/mongodb_practice</a></p><p><a href="https://blog.csdn.net/lyyrhf/article/details/115469161" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">MongoDB超详细保姆级入门教程！_你的笑只是保护色的博客-CSDN博客</a></p><h2 id="_1-下载安装" tabindex="-1">1.下载安装 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-下载安装" aria-hidden="true">#</a></h2><h3 id="_1-1-下载mongodb" tabindex="-1">1.1 下载MongoDB <a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-1-下载mongodb" aria-hidden="true">#</a></h3><p>这里我推介下载zip版本，解压到任意盘，由于C盘容易满，所以我放到了D盘。我在D盘创建了一个 mongoDB 的目录，并将压缩包解压到了这个目录里面。</p><p>下载地址：<a href="https://www.mongodb.com/try/download/community" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://www.mongodb.com/try/download/community</a></p><p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/0074UQWJgy1h3egzpj5qdj31dt0nzk40.jpg" alt=""></p><blockquote><p>mongodb 可以不用配置环境变量。配置环境变量只是为了能在终端（cmd窗口）任意路径中执行bin目录中的命令，就是起到一个方便的作用。</p><p>环境变量也非常的简单,<code>H:\mongoDB\bin</code>将这个添加到系统变量path</p><p>不配置环境变量。如果要启动数据库只能在解压后的 bin 目录中打开 cmd 窗口输入 mongod --dbpath=..\data\db 才可以启动，（这里 dbpath 是指定数据存放的位置，默认在c盘）这里暂时不要启动数据库，因为没有创建 data 目录还有 db 目录</p><p>不过等会会将 MongoDB 添加到系统服务中，这样就不用手动来启动了。</p></blockquote><h3 id="_1-2-创建目录及配置文件" tabindex="-1">1.2 创建目录及配置文件 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-2-创建目录及配置文件" aria-hidden="true">#</a></h3><p><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210406195537258.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2x5eXJoZg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" alt=""></p><p>接下来在 F盘创建 <code>data</code> 目录，继续在 <code>data</code> <strong>目录下</strong>创建 <code>db</code> 以及 <code>log</code>。<strong><code>log</code> 目录中还需要创建 <code>mongod.log</code> 文件</strong>。这个文件一定要创建否则找不到会报错。</p><ul><li>db：表示数据存储的文件夹</li><li>log：表示日志打印的文件夹</li></ul><p><img src="https://i0.hdslb.com/bfs/album/a61b017b4467cdfa5d0956ac0d1f5617dc3a13b2.png" alt=""></p><p>然后在 <code>bin</code> 目录的<strong>同级</strong>目录创建 <code>mongod.cfg</code> 文件（说明：配置创建路径其实可以随意，但是不建议😅。后缀也可以随意，建议语义化点比如：cfg、config、conf…），并写入如下内容，<strong>注意：配置件缩进需要使用tab键</strong>（根据自己安装的路径来配置）。</p><p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/0074UQWJgy1h3eh2u3hn2j30mt0d2795.jpg" alt=""></p><p><strong>mongod.cfg</strong></p><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode"><pre><code><span class="line"><span style="color:#676E95;font-style:italic;"># mongod.conf</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#676E95;font-style:italic;"># for documentation of all options, see:</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#676E95;font-style:italic;">#   http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/configuration-options/</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#676E95;font-style:italic;"># Where and how to store data.</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">storage:</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">  dbPath: F:\data\db</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">  journal:</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">    enabled: </span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">true</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#676E95;font-style:italic;">#  engine:</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#676E95;font-style:italic;">#  mmapv1:</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#676E95;font-style:italic;">#  wiredTiger:</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#676E95;font-style:italic;"># where to write logging data.</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">systemLog:</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">  destination: file</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">  logAppend: </span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">true</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">  path:  F:\data\log\mongod.log</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#676E95;font-style:italic;"># network interfaces</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">net:</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">  port: 27017</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">  bindIp: 127.0.0.1</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#676E95;font-style:italic;">#processManagement:</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#676E95;font-style:italic;">#security:</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#676E95;font-style:italic;">#operationProfiling:</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#676E95;font-style:italic;">#replication:</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#676E95;font-style:italic;">#sharding:</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#676E95;font-style:italic;">## Enterprise-Only Options:</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#676E95;font-style:italic;">#auditLog:</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#676E95;font-style:italic;">#snmp:</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">mongod --config H:\mongodb\bin\mongod.cfg --install --serviceName </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">mongodb</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span></span>
<span class="line"></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br></div></div><ul><li>path 是配置打印日志的目录</li><li>dbpath 是配置数据的存储位置</li><li>port 是配置的端口号</li></ul><h3 id="_1-3-添加到服务（开机自动启动）" tabindex="-1">1.3 添加到服务（开机自动启动） <a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-3-添加到服务（开机自动启动）" aria-hidden="true">#</a></h3><p>只有将 <code>mongodb</code> 添加到系统服务中，他才能自动启动。</p><p><strong>注意</strong>！！<strong>必须以管理员身份打开 <code>cmd</code> 窗口。</strong></p><p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/0074UQWJgy1h3eh31effmj30xx0hvwfm.jpg" alt=""></p><p><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/8533efb70d064648a8307ff3f0217095.jpg?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBA5a-45aS055S355Sf,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16#pic_center" alt=""></p><p><strong>这里表示执行配置文件，需要写入你的配置文件路径：</strong></p><div class="language-tex line-numbers-mode"><pre><code><span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">mongod --config H:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">\</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">mongodb</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">\</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">bin</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">\</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">mongod</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">.cfg --install --serviceName &quot;mongodb&quot;</span></span>
<span class="line"></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p><strong>如果配置文件执行报错，最终无法启动，那么就自己在命令行配置mongoDB，把上面需要执行的命令替换为如下命令即可(注意修改自己的路径)</strong></p><div class="language-tex line-numbers-mode"><pre><code><span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">mongod --dbpath &quot;F:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">\</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">data</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">\</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">db</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">&quot; --logpath &quot;F:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">\</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">data</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">\</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">log</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">\</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">mongod</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">.log&quot; --install --serviceName &quot;mongodb&quot;</span></span>
<span class="line"></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p><strong>启动mongoDB：</strong></p><div class="language-tex line-numbers-mode"><pre><code><span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">net start mongodb</span></span>
<span class="line"></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p><strong>后续如果修改 mongoDB 的端口就直接改配置文件，删除服务（服务的删除执行命令：sc delete mongodb），重新执行“添加到服务”</strong></p><h3 id="_1-4-检查" tabindex="-1">1.4 检查 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-4-检查" aria-hidden="true">#</a></h3><p>在键盘上按 “WIN+R”，输入“services.msc”指令确定。</p><p>打开服务后，找到MongoDB，如下图表示已经成功！</p><p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/0074UQWJgy1h3eh3cmeu6j314t0g2qdn.jpg" alt=""></p><p>到这里你已经完成了 mongoDB 的所有配置。接下来如果你需要连接数据库。分两种情况：</p><ul><li>使用 cmd 命令窗口连接 <ul><li>如果你已经配置了环境变量，直接在 cmd 窗口中输入 <code>mongo</code> 即可连接成功</li><li>如果没有配置环境变量，则需要在 bin 目录中打开 cmd 窗口，输入 <code>mongo</code></li></ul></li></ul><h2 id="_2-基本介绍" tabindex="-1">2.基本介绍 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-基本介绍" aria-hidden="true">#</a></h2><p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/0074UQWJgy1h3eh3jh74yj30id0jajzd.jpg" alt=""></p><p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/0074UQWJgy1h3eh3p846vj30n70c0adr.jpg" alt=""></p><p><strong>三个概念</strong></p><ol><li>数据库(database)：数据库是一个仓库，在仓库中可以存放集合(collection)</li><li>集合(collection)：一个集合类似于数组，在集合中可以存放文档(document)</li><li>文档(document)：文档数据库中的最小单位，我们存储和操作的内容都是文档</li></ol><p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/0074UQWJgy1h3eh3xhtbwj310m0bj75i.jpg" alt=""></p><h2 id="_3-基本操作" tabindex="-1">3.基本操作 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-基本操作" aria-hidden="true">#</a></h2><p>在MongoDB中，数据库和集合都不需要我们手动创建，当我们创建文档时，如果文档所在的集合或数据库不存在，她会自动创建数据库和集合！</p><p><strong>基本指令</strong></p><ul><li>show dbs 或show databases <ul><li>查看所有的数据库</li></ul></li><li>use xxx <ul><li>切换到指定的数据库</li></ul></li><li>db <ul><li>查看当前操作的数据库</li></ul></li><li>show collections <ul><li>查看当前数据库中所有的集合</li></ul></li></ul><h2 id="_4-插入文档" tabindex="-1">4.插入文档 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_4-插入文档" aria-hidden="true">#</a></h2><ul><li>插入一条数据 <ul><li>db.collectionName.insertOne( {name:&#39;liu&#39;} ) <ul><li>db表示的是当前操作的数据库</li><li>collectionName表示操作的集合，若没有，则会自动创建</li><li>插入的文档如果没有手动提供_id属性，则会自动创建一个</li></ul></li></ul></li><li>插入多条数据 <ul><li>db.collectionName.insertMany( [ {name:&#39;liu5&#39;} , {name:&#39;liu6&#39;} ] ) <ul><li>需要用数组包起来</li></ul></li></ul></li><li>万能API：db.collectionName.insert()</li></ul><blockquote><p>向集合中插入一个或多个文档 当我们向集合中插入文档时，如果没有给文档指定_id属性，则数据库会自动给文档添加_id 该属性用来作为文档的唯一标识 <code>_id</code>可以自己指定，如果我们指定了，数据库就不会再添加了,如果自己指定_id必须也确保唯一性</p></blockquote><div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre><code><span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">stus</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">insert</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">name</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">dselegent</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#F07178;">age</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">28</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#F07178;">gender</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">男</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">)</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">stus</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">insert</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">([</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">name</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">沙和尚</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#F07178;">age</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">36</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#F07178;">gender</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">男</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">},</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">name</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">白骨精</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#F07178;">age</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">16</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#F07178;">gender</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">女</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">},</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">name</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">蜘蛛精</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#F07178;">age</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">14</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#F07178;">gender</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">女</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">])</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">#添加两万条数据</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;font-style:italic;">for</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#C792EA;">var</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> i</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">=</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">0</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">i</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&lt;</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">20000</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">i</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">++</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">)</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">	</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">users</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">insert</span><span style="color:#F07178;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">username</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">liu</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">+</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">i</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span><span style="color:#F07178;">) #</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">需要执行20000次数据库的添加操作</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">users</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">find</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">()</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">count</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">()</span><span style="color:#676E95;font-style:italic;">//20000</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">#优化：</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C792EA;">var</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> arr</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">=</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">[]</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;font-style:italic;">for</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#C792EA;">var</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> i</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">=</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">0</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">i</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&lt;</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">20000</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">i</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">++</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">)</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">	</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">arr</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">push</span><span style="color:#F07178;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">username</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">liu</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">+</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">i</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span><span style="color:#F07178;">)</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">user</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">insert</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(arr) #只需执行1次数据库的添加操作，可以节约很多时间</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_5-查询文档" tabindex="-1">5.查询文档 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_5-查询文档" aria-hidden="true">#</a></h2><p><strong>查询数据</strong></p><ul><li><p>db.collectionName.find() 或db.collectionName.find({})</p><ul><li>查询集合所有的文档，即所有的数据。</li><li>查询到的是整个<strong>数组</strong>对象。在最外层是有一个对象包裹起来的。</li><li>db.collectionName.count()或db.collectionName.length() 统计文档个数</li></ul></li><li><p>db.collectionName.find({_id:222})</p><ul><li>条件查询。注意：结果返回的是一个<strong>数组</strong></li></ul></li><li><p>db.collectionName.findOne() 返回的是查询到的对象数组中的第一个对象</p><ul><li>注意：</li></ul></li></ul><div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre><code><span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">#查询集合中的所有文档</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">students</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">find</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">()</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">students</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">find</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">_id</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">222</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">)</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">name  </span><span style="color:#676E95;font-style:italic;">//错误 </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">students</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">findOne</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">_id</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">222</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">)</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">name </span><span style="color:#676E95;font-style:italic;">//正确</span></span>
<span class="line"></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><p><strong>db.stus.find({}).count()</strong></p><p>查询所有结果的数量</p><blockquote><ul><li><p>MongoDB的文档的属性值也可以是一个文档，当一个文档的属性值是文档时，我们称这个文档为内嵌文档</p></li><li><p>MongoDB支持直接通过内嵌文档的属性进行查询，如果要查询内嵌文档可以则可以通过==.的形式来匹配，且属性名必须使用引号==,双引号单引号都可以</p></li></ul></blockquote><div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre><code><span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"># 1</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">mongodb支持直接通过内嵌文档的属性值进行查询</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"># 什么是内嵌文档：hobby就属于内嵌文档</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">	</span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">name</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">liu</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">	</span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">hobby</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">		</span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">movies</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F07178;">[</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">movie1</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">movie2</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#F07178;">]</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">		</span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">cities</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F07178;">[</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">zhuhai</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">chengdu</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#F07178;">]</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#F07178;">	</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">users</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">find</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">hobby.</span><span style="color:#F07178;">movies</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">movie1</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">) </span><span style="color:#676E95;font-style:italic;">//错误</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">users</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">find</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#F07178;">hobby.movies</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">movie1</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">)</span><span style="color:#676E95;font-style:italic;">//此时查询的属性名必须加上引号</span></span>
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<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">#2</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">查询操作符的使用</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">#比较操作符</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">$gt 大于</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">$gte 大于等于</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">$lt 小于</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">$lte 小于等于</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">$ne 不等于</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">$eq 等于的另一种写法</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">users</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">find</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">num</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">$gt</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">200</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}}</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">) #大于200</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">users</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">find</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">num</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">$gt</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">200</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#F07178;">$lt</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">300</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}}</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">) #大于200小于300</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">$or 或者</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">users</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">find</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">        </span><span style="color:#F07178;">$or</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">[</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">            </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">num</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">$gt</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">300</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}},</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">            </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">num</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">$lt</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">200</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}}</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">        ]</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">) #大于300或小于200</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">#3</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">分页查询</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">users</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">find</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">()</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">skip</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(页码</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">-</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">1</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">*</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> 每页显示的条数)</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">limit</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(每页显示的条数)</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">users</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">find</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">()</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">limit</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">10</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">) #前10条数据</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">users</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">find</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">()</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">skip</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">50</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">)</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">limit</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">10</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">) #跳过前50条数据，即查询的是第61</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">-</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">70条数据，即第6页的数据</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">#4</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">排序</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">emp</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">find</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">()</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">sort</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">sal</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">1</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">) #1表示升序排列，</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">-</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">1表示降序排列</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">emp</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">find</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">()</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">sort</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">sal</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">1</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#F07178;">empno</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:-</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">1</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">) #先按照sal升序排列，如果遇到相同的sal，则按empno降序排列</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">#注意：skip</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">limit</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">sort可以以任意的顺序调用，最终的结果都是先调sort，再调skip，最后调limit</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">#5</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">设置查询结果的投影，即只过滤出自己想要的字段</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">emp</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">find</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{},{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">ename</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">1</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#F07178;">_id</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">0</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">) #在匹配到的文档中只显示ename字段</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">stus</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">find</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">name</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">冉海锋</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">)</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">stus</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">find</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">name</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">冉海锋</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">)[</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">0</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">]</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">stus</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">find</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{}</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">)</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">length</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">()</span></span>
<span class="line"></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_6-删除文档" tabindex="-1">6.删除文档 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_6-删除文档" aria-hidden="true">#</a></h2><ul><li>db.collection.remove（）</li></ul><blockquote><ul><li>可以根据条件来删除文档，传递条件的方式和find（）一样</li><li>能删除符合条件的所有文档，默认删除多个</li><li>如果第二个参数传递一个true，则只会删除一个</li><li>如果只传递一个{ }作为参数，则会删除集合中的所有文档</li></ul></blockquote><ul><li>db.collection.deleteOne（）</li><li>db.collection.deleteMany（）</li><li>db.collection.drop（）</li></ul><blockquote><p>删除集合（如果最后一个集合没了，数据库也没了。。)</p></blockquote><div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre><code><span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"># </span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">1.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">collectionName</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">remove</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">() </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"># remove默认会删除所有匹配的文档。</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">相当于deleteMany</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">()</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"># remove可以加第二个参数，表示只删除匹配到的第一个文档。</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">此时相当于deleteOne</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">()</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">students</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">remove</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">name</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">liu</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">true</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">)</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"># </span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">2.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">collectionName</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">deleteOne</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">()</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"># </span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">3.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">collectionName</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">deleteMany</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">()</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">students</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">deleteOne</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">name</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">liu</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">)</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"># </span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">4.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> 删除所有数据：db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">students</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">remove</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{}</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">)</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">----</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">性格较差，内部是在一条一条的删除文档。</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"># 可直接通过db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">students</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">drop</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">()删除整个集合来提高效率。</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"># 5</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">删除集合</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">collection</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">drop</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">()</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"># 6</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">删除数据库</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">dropDatabase</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">()</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"># 7</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">注意：删除某一个文档的属性，应该用update。   remove以及delete系列删除的是整个文档</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"># 8</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">当删除的条件为内嵌的属性时：</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">users</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">remove</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#F07178;">hobby.movies</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">movie3</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">)</span></span>
<span class="line"></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br></div></div><blockquote><p>一般数据库中的数据都不会删除，所以删除的方法很少调用，一般会在数据中添加一个字段，来表示数据是否被删除</p></blockquote><h2 id="_7-修改文档" tabindex="-1">7.修改文档 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_7-修改文档" aria-hidden="true">#</a></h2><ul><li>db.collection.update(查询条件，新对象) <ul><li>update（）默认情况下会使用新对象来替换旧对象</li><li>update（）默认只会修改一个对象</li></ul></li></ul><p>如果需要修改指定的属性，而不是替换，需要使用 “修改操作符” 来完成修改</p><ul><li>$set：可以用来修改文档中的指定属性</li><li>$unset：可以用来删除文档的指定属性</li></ul><p>db.collection.updateMany()：同时修改多个符合条件的文档</p><p>db.collection.updateOne()：修改一个符合条件的文档</p><p>db.collection.replaceOne()：替换一个符合条件的文档</p><div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre><code><span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"># 1</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">替换整个文档</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(只修改查找到的第一个)</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">collectionName</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">update</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(condiction</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">newDocument)</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">students</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">update</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">_id</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">222</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">},{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">name</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">kang</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">)</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"># 2</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">修改对应的属性，需要用到修改操作符，比如$set</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">$unset</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">$push</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">$addToSet</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#676E95;font-style:italic;">/*修改一个文档*/</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">students</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">update</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">  </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">name</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">小A</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">},</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">  </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">$set</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">age</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">20</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}}</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">  )</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#676E95;font-style:italic;">/*修改多个文档*/</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">students</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">update</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">  </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">age</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">19</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">},</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">  </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">$set</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">age</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">21</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}},</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">  </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">multi</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#FF9CAC;">true</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span><span style="color:#676E95;font-style:italic;">/*update中加multi:true可以修改多个文档*/</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">  )</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">collectionName</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">update</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">	# 查询条件</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">	</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">_id</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">222</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">},</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">	</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">		#修改对应的属性</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">		</span><span style="color:#F07178;">$set</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:{</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">			</span><span style="color:#F07178;">name</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">kang2</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">			</span><span style="color:#F07178;">age</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">21</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">		</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">		#删除对应的属性</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">		$unset:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">			</span><span style="color:#F07178;">gender</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">1</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#676E95;font-style:italic;">//这里的1可以随便改为其他的值，无影响</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">		</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">		</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">	</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">)</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"># 3</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">update默认与updateOne</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">()等效，即对于匹配到的文档只更改其中的第一个</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"># </span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">updateMany</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">()可以用来更改匹配到的所有文档</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">students</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">updateMany</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">	</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">name</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">liu</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">},</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">	</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">		</span><span style="color:#F07178;">$set</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">			</span><span style="color:#F07178;">age</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">21</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">			</span><span style="color:#F07178;">gender</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">222</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">		</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">	</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">)</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"># 4</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">向数组中添加数据</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">users</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">update</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">username</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">liu</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">},{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">$push</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:{</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#F07178;">hobby.movies</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">movie4</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}}</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">)</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"># 如果数据已经存在，则不会添加</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">users</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">update</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">username</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">liu</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">},{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">$addToSet</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:{</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#F07178;">hobby.movies</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">movie4</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}}</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">)</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"># 5</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">自增自减操作符$inc</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">$inc</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:{</span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">num</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">100</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}}</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> #让num自增100</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">$inc</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:{</span><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">num</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:-</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">100</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}}</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> #让num自减100</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">emp</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">updateMany</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">sal</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">$lt</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">1000</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}},{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">$inc</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">sal</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">400</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}}</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">) #给工资低于1000的员工增加400的工资</span></span>
<span class="line"></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_8-文档之间的关系" tabindex="-1">8.文档之间的关系 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_8-文档之间的关系" aria-hidden="true">#</a></h2><p><strong>一对一</strong></p><p>在MongoDB中，可以通过内嵌文档的形式来体现出一对一的关系</p><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode"><pre><code><span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db.WifeAndHusband.insert</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">([</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">        wife:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">黄蓉</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">        husband:{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">            name:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">郭靖</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">        </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">    },</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">    </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">        wife:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">潘金莲</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">        husband:{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">            name:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">武大郎</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">        </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">    }</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">    </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">])</span></span>
<span class="line"></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br></div></div><p><strong>一对多</strong></p><div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre><code><span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">#用户与订单：</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">users</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">insert</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">([</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">_id</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">100</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#F07178;">username</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">liu1</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">},</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">_id</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">ObjectId</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">5f87b1deda684b252c2fc7a5</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">)</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span><span style="color:#F07178;">username</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">liu2</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">])</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">orders</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">insert</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">([</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">list</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">[</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">apple</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">banana</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">]</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#F07178;">user_id</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">100</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">},</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">list</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">[</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">apple</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">banana2</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">]</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#F07178;">user_id</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">100</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">},</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">list</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">[</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">apple</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">]</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#F07178;">user_id</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">101</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">])</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">查询liu1的所有订单：</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#FFCB6B;">首先获取liu1的id</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C792EA;">let</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;"> user_id</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">=</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">users</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">findOne</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">name</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">liu1</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">)</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">_id</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">根据id从订单集合中查询对应的订单： db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">orders</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">find</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">(</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span><span style="color:#F07178;">user_id</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">user_id</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">)</span></span>
<span class="line"></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br></div></div><p><strong>多对多</strong></p><div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre><code><span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">#老师与学生</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">teachers</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">insert</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">([</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">        </span><span style="color:#F07178;">_id</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">100</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">        </span><span style="color:#F07178;">name</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">liu1</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">},</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">        </span><span style="color:#F07178;">_id</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">101</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">        </span><span style="color:#F07178;">name</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">liu2</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">},</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">    	</span><span style="color:#F07178;">_id</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">102</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">    	</span><span style="color:#F07178;">name</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">liu3</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">    </span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">])</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">db</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">students</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">.</span><span style="color:#82AAFF;">insert</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">([</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">	</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">		</span><span style="color:#F07178;">_id</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">1000</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">		</span><span style="color:#F07178;">name</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">xiao</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">		</span><span style="color:#F07178;">tech_ids</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">[</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">100</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">101</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">]</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">	</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">},</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">	</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">{</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">		</span><span style="color:#F07178;">_id</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">1001</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">		</span><span style="color:#F07178;">name</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#C3E88D;">xiao2</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">		</span><span style="color:#F07178;">tech_ids</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">:</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">[</span><span style="color:#F78C6C;">102</span><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">]</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">	</span><span style="color:#89DDFF;">}</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#A6ACCD;">])</span></span>
<span class="line"></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_9-命令汇总" tabindex="-1">9.命令汇总 <a class="header-anchor" href="#_9-命令汇总" aria-hidden="true">#</a></h2><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/0074UQWJgy1h3eh47aylkj30l809fq7j.jpg"><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/0074UQWJgy1h3eh4evq2bj30l30cqte3.jpg"><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/0074UQWJgy1h3eh4lw10ij30ox0b6q8y.jpg"><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/0074UQWJgy1h3eh4s2h3qj30t10b747b.jpg"><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/0074UQWJgy1h3eh4xmjrwj30sy0dmjzz.jpg"><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/0074UQWJgy1h3eh52qhtaj30id0eb79o.jpg"></div></div><!----></main><!--[--><!--]--><!----></div></div></div></div><div class="visually-hidden" aria-live="polite" data-v-23306c50>MongoDB has loaded</div></div></div>
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